One of the original 13 colonies, Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn as a haven for his fellow Quakers. The Pennsylvania Colony has very mild weather and climate. Disease, which had threatened the survival of many of the early settlements, was much reduced. After he died, Penn gave control of the land to his sons, John and Thomas, who were known to sell parts of the land without consent from the local tribes. In the Chesapeake area, slaveholding was far from universal, and many of the plantations had fewer than twenty slaves. All Rights Reserved. Study now. Tobacco remained the most important cash crop around Chesapeake Bay, but the volatility of tobacco prices encouraged planters to diversify. At the bottom of the social ladder were slaves and indentured servants; successful planters in the south and wealthy merchants in the north were the colonial elite. Craftsmen learned their trade as apprentices and became journeymen when their term of apprenticeship (as long as seven years) was completed. Penn allowed for a representative assembly elected by landowners. The terminal often featured Baldwins steam locomotives, which were considered state-of-the-art and manufactured for countries including Russia, Finland, New Zealand, Brazil and Chile. They ran the house, farmed and raised children. When colonizing, Penn made sure to fully pay for the land from the Indians. He was a liberal ruler who granted power and privileges to his people, such as allowing them to appoint their own judicial and executive officers. Slaves made up twenty percent of the population of New York in 1746, for example. In 1913 the first automobile service station opened in Pittsburgh. What Was The Social Structure Of The New England Colonies The General Assembly was established in Pennsylvania in 1682. Working as domestics, assistants to craftsmen, or stevedores in the port cities, they lived in their master's home, as did indentured servants and apprentices. Proposing amendments was also part of its duties. Sharply From Massachusetts And Virginia, Quakers Wanted To Establish A Utopia Defined By Equality, Quakers Believed That The Holy Spirit Or The "Inner Light" Of The servants were used to meet a growing demand of cheap, plentiful labor in the colony. The colonies were part of an Atlantic trading network that linked them with England, Africa, and the West Indies. The Pennsylvania Colony became a U.S. state on December 12 th, 1787. Today, the Hershey name decorates numerous buildings in the town known for its chocolate factory, hotel and theme park as well as its community and cultural and educational institutions. It was not uncommon for a woman to manage her husband's business after his death. What was the social structure in Colonial Pennsylvania. Before European settlement, Pennsylvania was inhabited by many native tribes, including the Erie, Honniasont, Huron, Iroquois (especially Seneca and Oneida), Leni Lenape, Munsee, Shawnee, Susquehannock, and unknown others. The Quakers were among the most radical of the English Protestant sects that had sprung up in the 17th century. Penn's goal with Pennsylvania was to create a colony that allowed for freedom of religion. Pennsylvania - Cultural life | Britannica A plain and simple monument stands in Shackamaxon, at Penn Treaty Park, in Kensington, a modest memorial of a momentous act, the spot where was signed an unbroken treaty. 33 (1966), 16-55; Peter Lindert, "English Occupations 1670-1811," Journal of Economic History, 40 (1980), 685-712; Alice Hanson James, American Colonial Wealth, III Middle Colonies - Government Eventually, colonial officials called on the Iroquois, another prominent local Native tribe, to help remove the Lenape from the land in 1741. It is recorded that some newcomers would find caves for shelter for their families and effects, then get warrants of survey and wander about for their choice of localities. 5, 2023, thoughtco.com/key-facts-about-the-pennsylvania-colony-103879. They arrived at New Castle on October 27, 1682, the next day arriving at Philadelphia. In addition, the General Assembly adopted the Great Law, which provided for the liberty of conscience in terms of religious affiliations. Pennsylvania (Founding) In March of 1681, King Charles II of England (1630-85) granted William Penn (1644-1718), gentleman and Quaker, the charter for a proprietary colony on the North American continent. Instead of a king, there was a governor and the two houses consisted of the Provincial Council and the General Assembly, modeled roughly after the British parliamentary structure. Penn drew up the First Frame of Government in 1682, and in it, he outlined that there should be a provincial council of 72 elected members. In the period of European exploration, there was a flurry of activity in North America. After learning the trade, Milton opened his first business making and selling candy on Garden Street in Philadelphia in 1876. By and large, women in the colonies assumed traditional roles; they took care of their home and brought up their children. Pennsylvania 1630-1700 - US History In 1909 the first baseball stadium was built in Pittsburgh. Cereal grains, flax, and cattle became important to the economies of Virginia and Maryland in the eighteenth century. Now, in 1682, Penn finally stood on the shores of the colony of Pennsylvania. Filtering into the backcountry of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and the Carolinas, they established farms on the frontier and grew just enough food to keep themselves going. The indigo plant was used to make a blue dye much in demand by the English textile industry. For example, Parliament, concerned about possible competition from colonial hatters, prohibited the export of hats from one colony to another and limited the number of apprentices in each hatmaker's shop. Articles with the HISTORY.com Editors byline have been written or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Missy Sullivan and Matt Mullen. Philadelphia quickly became a refuge for Quakers in the New World. On a relatively small farm growing grain, it was cheaper to do it this way than to own slaves. Enlightenment and Religious Revival. Pennsylvania played an extremely important role in the American Revolution. The General Assembly was established in Pennsylvania in 1682. We are called one of the "Breadbasket Colonies" by other towns in the nation. What was the Social Structure like among the people of Delaware and Pennsylvania? By Rudolph J. Walther, revised by ushistory.org. The Quakers were among the most radical of the English Protestant sects that had sprung up in the 17th century. The Pennsylvania Colony was dominated by the Quaker religious beliefs and values. A unified judicial system comprises the Supreme Court, Superior Court, Commonwealth Court, county courts, and a system of lower courts. Colonial Pennsylvania is about half the size of The slaves' resistance to their situation was often passive, involving feigning illness, breaking equipment, and generally disrupting the routine of the plantation, but it occasionally did turn violent. In the best-of-nine series, Boston won five games to three. Some colonies (such as Maryland and New York) combined religious establishments with limited toleration for religious dissenters. The state department of education establishes statewide standards for teacher certification and curricula and apportions money to the local school districts. Most people were in the agricultural business. William Penn and the Founding of Pennsylvania It then became the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and one of America's first 13 states. Although a mainstay of the southern economy, slavery was not unknown in the northern colonies. In October 1682, Penn sent a proprietor to Pennsylvania who visited the capital city Philadelphia, created the three original counties and summoned a General Assembly to Chester on December 4. Main, who describes the upper house in eleven American Not long after, he sold the Lancaster Caramel Company to focus on making chocolate andbroke ground on the first Hershey chocolate factory in his hometown in Derry Township, Pennsylvania. Penn had high hopes that the colony would enjoy religious freedom, as well as peace with the Lenni Lenapes and other American Indians who had lived in this land for centuries. The founding of Pennsylvania, about 40,000 square miles, was confirmed to William Penn under the Great Seal on January 5, 1681. Kelly, Martin. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. Pennsylvania's approach to government is historically important, as it played an important role in developing the foundation for American democracy and in leading the fight to abolish slavery. When the supply of labor outstripped demand, wages fell and the level of unemployment rose. Pennsylvania State University (or Penn State; 1855), in University Park, is the state land-grant institution; it has many branch campuses throughout the state. William Penn's 'Holy Experiment' on the Delaware River. Explanation: The social classes during the Colonial times were determined by wealth, land ownership and job titles. The Pennsylvania Colony was also called the Province of Pennsylvania. In 1739, about one hundred fugitive slaves killed twenty whites on their way to Florida and were killed themselves when captured. The educational system is administered through public school districts that provide teachers, textbooks, laboratory materials, and physical equipment. Temple University (1884), in Philadelphia, the University of Pittsburgh (1787), and Lincoln University (1854) are also state-supported. Demographics - The Colony of Pennsylvania Class System. Characteristics of Colonial Regions Flashcards Servants were at the bottom of the class system but were few in numbers and . South Carolina planters often owned townhouses in Charleston and would probably have gone to someplace like Newport to escape the heat in summer. ", Pennsylvania During the American Revolution. Even as wage earners, the journeymen often still lived with their former master and ate at his table. The Female Social Structure of Philadelphia in 1775 Penn was a supporter of the Society of Friends, or Quakers, a controversial religion at the time that rejected rituals and oaths and opposed war. The New England colonies were founded to escape religious persecution in England. The first inhabitants were a mixture of country gentlemen (mostly Catholic) and workers and artisans (mostly Protestant).